the constellation of the Seven Stars

Религия: рси-паньками

ἀστήρ, έρος, ὁ (Hom.+; ins, a few times in astron. and magic. pap [e.g. PGM 4, 574; 580; 2891; 2894; 2939], LXX, pseudepigr., Philo [e.g. Plant. 12 ἀστέρες as living beings endowed w. reason], apolog., loanw. in rabb.) a luminous body (other than the sun) visible in the sky, star, single star, planet (Achilles, Comm. in Arat. p. 41 ἀστήρ ἐστιν εἷς ἀριθμῷ; schol. on Pind., O. 1, 9d) IEph 19:2. Of the star of the Magi Mt 2:2, 7, 9f; GJs 21:1; περὶ τοῦ ἀ. vs. 2; εἶδον ἀστέρας … καὶ προῆγαν αὐτούς vs. 3 (pap). (FBoll, ZNW 18, 1918, 40–48. Diod S 16, 66, 3: a marvelous, divinely sent heavenly body leads the fleet of Timoleon toward Italy. When he and his companions noticed this heavenly manifestation, περιχαρεῖς ἦσαν [16, 66, 5].—On the star s. μάγος 1.) Falling fr. heaven in the last tribulation Mt 24:29; Mk 13:25; Rv 6:13 (all three Is 13:10; cp. Artem. 2, 36 p. 137, 15 καταπίπτοντες εἰς γῆν οἱ ἀστέρες). Single stars 8:10; 9:1 (cp. Artem. 5, 23 τ. οὐρανοῦ ἀστέρα ἐκπεσεῖν; Ps.-Callisth. 3, 33, 26: at the death of Alexander μέγας ἀστὴρ πεσὼν ἐκ τ. οὐρανοῦ ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν.—Boll, Offb. 135). Changed at Christ’s parousia B 15:5. W. sun and moon (Dt 4:19; TestNapht 3:2) 1 Cor 15:41; Rv 8:12; 12:1 (Eratosth. 33 ἔχει ἀστέρας ἐπὶ τ. κεφαλῆς); 1 Cl 20:3; B 15:5. Of the stars as numberless (Gen 22:17; 1 Ch 27:23 al.) 1 Cl 10:6 (Gen 15:5); 32:2 (Gen 22:17).—As to the seven stars that the Son of Man holds in his right hand Rv 1:16; 2:1; 3:1, it has been conjectured that the imagery is based on a constellation, prob. that of the Great Bear (Strabo 1, 1, 21 τοὺς ἑπτὰ τῆς μεγάλης ἄρκτου ἀστέρας; almost the same thing in Diod S 3, 48, 1.—Philo, Op. M. 114, Leg. All. 1, 8; PGM 4, 700; ADieterich, Mithraslit. 1903, 14; 16f; 72f; Boll, Offb. 21f). In 1:20 they are interpr. to mean the ἄγγελοι (PGM 1, 74f star=angel; cp. 154; Chrysipp., Stoic. II 1076 and Diod S 2, 30, 6 stars=gods; En 18:14=heavenly beings) of the seven churches, by which are meant the guardian angels (so fr. Origen, Hom. 12 and 13 In Luc., De Orat. 11, to Bousset, Charles, Lohmeyer; JSickenberger, Röm. Quartalschr. 35, 1927, 135–49), not overseers/bishops (Primasius and Bede to Zahn, JWeiss, Billerb., Allo.—ἀ. to designate a prominent pers.: Plut., Marcell. 316 [30, 8] ὁ μέγας πατρίδος ἀ.). ἀ. ὁ πρωϊνός the morning star (Venus) likened to Christ 22:16; δώσω αὐτῷ τὸν ἀ. τὸν πρωϊνόν 2:28 (on both passages s. Boll, Offb. 47–50). Other pass. that associate pers. w. celestial bodies—a practice going back largely, as some hold, to Babyl. apocalyptic—are 8:11, 12; 12:1, 4, which also contain the word ἀ.—ἀστέρες πλανῆται wandering stars (Cicero, De Nat. Deor. of stars ‘quae falso vocantur errantes’), perh. meteors, typical of dissident teachers Jd 13 (cp. En 18:14; also chap. 21).—FBoll, Sternglaube u. Sterndeutung⁴ ’31 (lit.); EZimer, Sternglaube u. Sternforschung ’53.—B. 56. 1530–40. DELG. EDNT. M-M. TW.

सप्तन् num. a. (always pl.; सप्त nom. and acc.) Seven.

-Comp. -अंशुः N. of Agni.

-अंशुपुङ्गवः the planet Saturn.

-अङ्ग a. see सप्तप्रकृति below.

-अर्चिस् a.

1 having seven tongues or flames.

-2 evil-eyed, of in- auspicious look. (-m.)

1 N. of fire.

-2 of Saturn.

-3 the Chitraka plant.

-अशीतिः f. eighty-seven.

-अश्रम् a heptagon.

-अश्वः the sun; नप्ता सप्ताश्वसंनिभः Śiva B. 25.45. ˚वाहनः the sun.

-अस्र a. septangular.

-अहः seven days, i. e. a week.

-आत्मन् m. an epithet of Brahman.

-ऋषि (सप्तर्षि) m. pl.

1 the seven sages; i. e. मरीचि, अत्रि, अङ्गिरस्, पुलस्त्य, पुलह, क्रतु, and वसिष्ठ.

-2 the constellation called Ursa Major (the seven stars of which are said to be the seven sages mentioned above).

-कोण a. septangular.

-गङ्गम् ind. in the place of the seven streams of the Ganges.

-गुण a. seven-fold.

-चत्वारिंशत् f. forty-seven.

-च्छदः N. of a tree (Mar. सातवीण); गजाश्च सप्तच्छद- दानगन्धिनः Karṇabhāra 1.11.

-जिह्वः, -ज्वालः fire. (the seven tongues are काली, कराली, मनोजवा, सुलोहिता, सुधूम्रवर्णा, उग्रा and प्रदीप्ता).

-तन्तुः a sacrifice; सप्ततन्तु- मधिगन्तुमिच्छतः Śi.14.6; पुनः प्रवर्तयिष्यामि सप्ततन्त्वादिकाः क्रियाः Śiva B.5.56; विधये सप्ततन्तूनाम् ibid.18.23. cf. note on N.11.1.

-त्रिंशत् f. thirty-seven.

-दशन् a. seventeen. ˚अरत्निन्यायः A rule of interpretation according to which an expression, if it is found to be inapplicable to the matter or thing with reference to which it is used, should be taken as being connected with or applying to a part or subsidiary thereof. This mode of construing an expression (in its literal sense) is preferable to लक्षणा. This rule is discussed and established by जैमिनि and शबर in the सूत्र 'आनर्थक्यात् तदङ्गेषु' MS.3.1.18 and भाष्या thereon.

-दाधितिः N. of fire.

-द्वारावकीर्ण a. dominated or affected by the seven gates (5 organs, mind and intellect); सप्तद्वाराकीर्णां च न वाचमनृतां वदेत् Ms.6.48 (see Kull.).

-द्वीपा an epithet of the earth; पुरा सप्तद्वीपां जयति वसुधामप्रतिरथः Ś.7.33.

-धातु m. pl. the seven constituent elements of the body; i. e. chyle, blood, flesh, fat, bone, marrow, and semen; (रसास्रमांस- मेदो$स्थिमज्जानः शुक्रसंयुताः).

-नली birdlime.

-नवतिः f. ninetyseven.

-नाडीचक्रम् a kind of astrological diagram used as a means of foretelling rain.

-पदी the seven steps at a marriage (the bride and bridegroom walk together seven steps, after which the marriage becomes irrevocable).

-पर्णः (so सप्तच्छदः, सप्तपत्रः) N. of a tree. (

-र्णी) the sensitive plant.

-पातालम् the seven regions of the earth (i. e. अतल, वितल, सुतल, महातल, रसातल, तलातल and पाताल).

-प्रकृतिः f. pl. the seven constituent parts of a kingdom; स्वाम्यमात्यसुहृत्कोशराष्ट्र- दुर्गबलानि च Ak.; see प्रकृति also.

-भद्रः the Śirīsa tree.

-भूमिक, -भौम a. seven stories high (as a palace).

-मन्त्रः fire.

-मातृ f. collective N. of seven mothers (i. e. ब्राह्मी, माहेश्वरी, कौमारी, वैष्णवी, वाराही, इन्द्राणी, and चामुण्डा).

-मुष्टिकः a particular mixture used as a remedy for fever.

-रक्तः one who has got the seven parts of the body red; (पाणिपादतले रक्ते नेत्रान्तरनखानि च । तालुकाधर- जिह्वाश्च प्रशस्ता सप्तरक्तता ॥).

-रात्रम् a period of seven nights.

-रुचिः fire; सप्तरुचेरिव स्फुलिङ्गाः Śi.2.53.

-लोकाः the seven worlds (i. e. भूर्, भुवर्, स्वर्, महर्, जनस्, तपस्, and सत्यम्).

-विंशतिः f. twentyseven.

-विध a. seven-fold, of seven sorts.

-शतम् 1 7.

-2 17. (

-ती) an aggregate or collection of 7 verses or stanzas.

-शलाकः a kind of astronomical diagram used for indicating auspicious days for marriages.

-शिरा betel.

-सप्तिः an epithet of the sun; सर्वैरुस्रैः समग्रैस्त्वमिव नृपगुणैर्दीप्यते सप्तसप्तिः M.2.12; Ś.6.29; Ki.5.34.

-स्वरः the seven musical notes (i. e. सा, रि, ग, म, प, ध, नी).

ऋक्षः [ऋष्-स किच्च Uṇ.3.66]

1 A bear; स्त्रीं (हृत्वा) ऋक्षः (भवति) Ms.12.67.

-2 A species of ape; A. Rām.7.3.6.

-3 A kind of deer; प्रजापतिः स्वां दुहितरं दृष्ट्वा तद्रूपधर्षितः । रोहिद्भूतां सो$न्वधावदृक्षरूपी हतत्रपः ॥ Bhāg.3.31. 36.

-4 N. of a mountain.

-5 N. of a plant (भल्लक Mar. दिंडा)

-क्षः, क्षमः 1 A star, constellation, lunar mansion; पश्चिमां तु समासीनः सम्यगृक्षविभावनात् Ms.2.11;3.9;6.1.

-2 A sign of the zodiac.

-3 A star under which a man happens to be born.

-क्षाः (m. pl.) The seven stars called Pleiades; afterwards the seven Ṛiṣis; दक्षिणां दिशमृक्षेषु वार्षिकेष्विव भास्करः (प्रययौ) R.12.25.

-क्षा The north.

-क्षी A female bear. [cf. Gr. arkos, L. ursus].

-Comp. -इष्टिः Offering to the stars (ग्रहमख); ऋक्षेष्टपाग्रयणं चैव चातुर्मास्यानि चाहरेत् Ms.6.1.

-गन्धा the plant Argyreia Argentea (जांगली, महाश्वेता, क्षीरविदारी).

-गन्धिका the plant Batatas Paniculata.

-चक्रम् the circle of stars.

-जिह्वम् A kind of leprosy.

-नाथः, -ईशः 'lord of stars' the moon.

-नायकः A kind of round building. (Agnipurāṇa ch. 14; V.19.2).

-नेमिः N. of Viṣṇu.

-प्रियः An ox.

-राज्, -जः 1 the moon.

-2 Jāmbuvat, the king of bears.

-विडम्बिन् m. A fraudu- lent astrologer.

-हरीश्वरः the lord of bears and apes; an epithet of Sugrīva; दुर्जातबन्धुरयमृक्षहरीश्वरो मे R.13.72.

Plēïas and Plējas (dissyl.), ( Plī̆as), ădis, f., = Plêïas and Pleias.

One of the Seven Stars, a Pleiad; usually in plur.: Pleiades (Pliades) = Pleiades, the constellation of the Seven Stars, the Pleiades or Pleiads (pure Lat. Vergiliae), acc. to the myth, the seven daughters of Atlas and Pleione (Electra, Halcyone, Celaeno, Maia, Sterope, Taygete, and Merope):

Pleïas enixa est,

Ov. M. 1, 670:

Plias,

Stat. S. 1, 6, 22; Ov. F. 3, 105:

Plĭadum nivosum Sidus,

Stat. S. 1, 3, 95.—

Poet., transf., a storm or rain, Val. Fl. 4, 268; 2, 405:

Pliada movere,

to cause the Pleiads to rise, id. 2, 357.

Plēïas and Plējas (dissyl.), ( Plī̆as), ădis, f., = Plêïas and Pleias.

One of the Seven Stars, a Pleiad; usually in plur.: Pleiades (Pliades) = Pleiades, the constellation of the Seven Stars, the Pleiades or Pleiads (pure Lat. Vergiliae), acc. to the myth, the seven daughters of Atlas and Pleione (Electra, Halcyone, Celaeno, Maia, Sterope, Taygete, and Merope):

Pleïas enixa est,

Ov. M. 1, 670:

Plias,

Stat. S. 1, 6, 22; Ov. F. 3, 105:

Plĭadum nivosum Sidus,

Stat. S. 1, 3, 95.—

Poet., transf., a storm or rain, Val. Fl. 4, 268; 2, 405:

Pliada movere,

to cause the Pleiads to rise, id. 2, 357.

1) mfn. (etym. doubtful) bald, bare TS. MaitrS. ;

2) mfn. (2. ṛish Uṇ. III, 66; 67 ;

3) mfn. cut, pierced L. ;

septentrĭōnes ( septemptrĭōnes), um (sing. and tmesis, v. infra), m. [septemtrio; prop. the seven plough-oxen; hence, as a constellation],

Lit., the seven stars near the north pole ( called also the Wain, and the Great or Little Bear): neque se septentriones quoquam in caelo commovent, Plant. Am. 1, 1, 117; Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66; cf.

in tmesi: quas nostri septem soliti vocitare Triones,

id. Arat. in N. D. 2, 41, 105; so,

gurgite caeruleo septem prohibete triones,

Ov. M. 2, 528.— Sing.:

septentrio non cernitur,

Plin. 6, 22, 24, § 83; so,

major,

the Great Bear, Vitr. 6, 11:

minor,

the Little Bear, Cic. N. D. 2, 43, 111; Vitr. 1. 1.—

Transf.

The northern regions, the north (as a quarter of the heavens).

Plur.:

satis notum est, limites regionesque esse caeli quattuor: exortum, occasum, meridiem, septentriones,

Gell. 2, 22, 3 sq.:

inflectens sol cursum tum ad septentriones, tum ad meridiem, aestates et hiemes efficit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49; Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 4; Caes. B. G. 1, 1; 1, 16; 4, 20; 5, 13; 7, 83; Mel. 2, 6, 3; 3, 1, 9; 3, 2, 1.—

Sing.:

latus oriens spectat: septentrio a Macedoniā obicitur,

Liv. 32, 13; Mel. 1, 1, 1; 2, 6, 3; Sen. Q. N. 5, 16; Tac. A. 2, 23; 13, 53; id. H. 5, 6 al.—In tmesi:

Hyperboreo septem subjecta trioni Gens,

Verg. G. 3, 381; Ov. M. 1, 64.—

Plur.:

ex eā die fuere septentriones venti,

Cic. Att. 9, 6, 3.—

Sing.:

acer septentrio ortus inclinatum stagnum eodem, quo aestus, ferebat,

Liv. 26, 45:

a septentrionali latere summus est aquilo, medius septentrio, imus thrascias,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 16, 6.—

Sing., northern countries, the north (as territory;

very rare): totum paene Orientem ac Septentrionem ruinā suā involvit,

Flor. 3, 5, 21.

septentrĭōnes ( septemptrĭōnes), um (sing. and tmesis, v. infra), m. [septemtrio; prop. the seven plough-oxen; hence, as a constellation],

Lit., the seven stars near the north pole ( called also the Wain, and the Great or Little Bear): neque se septentriones quoquam in caelo commovent, Plant. Am. 1, 1, 117; Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66; cf.

in tmesi: quas nostri septem soliti vocitare Triones,

id. Arat. in N. D. 2, 41, 105; so,

gurgite caeruleo septem prohibete triones,

Ov. M. 2, 528.— Sing.:

septentrio non cernitur,

Plin. 6, 22, 24, § 83; so,

major,

the Great Bear, Vitr. 6, 11:

minor,

the Little Bear, Cic. N. D. 2, 43, 111; Vitr. 1. 1.—

Transf.

The northern regions, the north (as a quarter of the heavens).

Plur.:

satis notum est, limites regionesque esse caeli quattuor: exortum, occasum, meridiem, septentriones,

Gell. 2, 22, 3 sq.:

inflectens sol cursum tum ad septentriones, tum ad meridiem, aestates et hiemes efficit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49; Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 4; Caes. B. G. 1, 1; 1, 16; 4, 20; 5, 13; 7, 83; Mel. 2, 6, 3; 3, 1, 9; 3, 2, 1.—

Sing.:

latus oriens spectat: septentrio a Macedoniā obicitur,

Liv. 32, 13; Mel. 1, 1, 1; 2, 6, 3; Sen. Q. N. 5, 16; Tac. A. 2, 23; 13, 53; id. H. 5, 6 al.—In tmesi:

Hyperboreo septem subjecta trioni Gens,

Verg. G. 3, 381; Ov. M. 1, 64.—

Plur.:

ex eā die fuere septentriones venti,

Cic. Att. 9, 6, 3.—

Sing.:

acer septentrio ortus inclinatum stagnum eodem, quo aestus, ferebat,

Liv. 26, 45:

a septentrionali latere summus est aquilo, medius septentrio, imus thrascias,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 16, 6.—

Sing., northern countries, the north (as territory;

very rare): totum paene Orientem ac Septentrionem ruinā suā involvit,

Flor. 3, 5, 21.

the seven stars of the Ursa Minor constellation, at the tip of the Little Dipper’s handle (nadan usiha)

नक्षत्रम् [न क्षरति; cf. Uṇ.3.15 also]

1 A star in general.

-2 A constellation, an asterism in the moon's path, lunar mansion; नक्षत्राणामहं शशी Bg.1.21. नक्षत्र- ताराग्रहसंकुलापि R.6.22; (they are twenty-seven).

-3 A pearl.

-4 A necklace of 27 pearls.

-Comp. -ईशः, -ईश्वरः, -नाथः, -पः, -पतिः, -राजः the moon; R.6.66.

-उपजीविन् an astrologer.

-कान्तिविस्तारः the white Yāvanāla flower.

-चक्रम् 1 the sphere of the fixed stars.

-2 the lunar asterisms taken collectively.

-जातम् birth when the moon is in a particular Nakṣa- tra.

-दर्शः an astronomer or astrologer.

-नेमिः 1 the moon.

-2 the pole-star.

-3 an epithet of Viṣṇu. (

-मिः f.) Revatī, the last asterism.

-पथः the starry sky.

-पाठकः an astrologer.

-पुरुषः 1 (in astr.) the figure of a man's body on the limbs of which are shown the various asterisms.

-भोगः the diurnal period of a Nakṣatra; भभोगो$ष्टशती लिप्ता Sūrya-siddhānta.

-माला 1 a group of stars.

-2 a necklace of twenty-seven pearls; 'सैव नक्षत्रमाला स्यात् सप्तविंशतिमौक्तिकैः' Ak.; Śi.18.35; नक्षत्रमालाभरणमिव मदनद्विपस्य; K.; Kau. A.2. 11.

-3 the table of the asterisms in the moon's path.

-4 a kind of neck-ornament of elephants; अनङ्गवारण- शिरोनक्षत्रमालायमानेन मेखलादाम्ना K.11.

-मालिनी N. of a flowering creeper (Mar. जाई).

-योगः the conjunction of the moon with the lunar mansions.

-लोकः the starry region, the firmament.

-वर्त्मन् n. the sky.

-विद्या astronomy or astrology; Ch. Up.7.1.2.

-वृष्टिः f. shooting of falling stars.

-साधनम् calculation for the fixation of auspicious periods of Nakṣatras.

-सूचकः a bad astrologer; तिथ्युत्पत्तिं न जानन्ति ग्रहाणां नैव साधनम् । परवाक्येन वर्तन्ते ते वै नक्षत्रसूचकाः ॥ or अविदित्वैव यः शास्त्रं दैवज्ञत्वं प्रपद्यते । स पङ्क्तिदूषकः पापो ज्ञेयो नक्षत्रसूचकः ॥ Bṛi. S.2.17,18.

Great Bear, constellation of stars in the northern skies

n. Big Dipper, group of seven stars (in the constellation Ursa Major)

n. plough, plow, wain, waggon, wagon